A participle is used as an adjective and ends various ways. A present participle always ends with ing as does the gerund, but remember that it is an adjective. A past participle ends with ed, n, or irregularly. Examples: played, broken, brought, sung, seeing, having seen, being seen, seen, having been seen. Participles modify nouns and pronouns and can precede or follow the word modified. (Do not confuse participles that end in ing with gerunds. Participles are used as adjectives; gerunds are used as nouns.)
A participial phrase is made up of a participle and any complements (direct objects, predicate nominatives, predicate adjectives, or modifiers) like the gerund. A participial phrase that comes at the beginning of the sentence is always followed by a comma and modifies the subject of the sentence.
Participial phrases are useful in combining pairs of sentences.
Instructions: Combine the following sentences using a participial phrase at the beginning of the sentence.
1. The flag flapped against the pole. The flag was twisted by the wind.
2. The cat clawed wildly in self-defense. The cat was cornered by two dogs.
3. The food was completely destroyed. It had been covered by the flood for two weeks.
4. Dr. Doolittle commanded the bee to stop the noise. He was annoyed by the humming.
5. We had planned a party for our boss. We were pleased with our bonuses.
–For answers scroll down.
Answers:
1. Twisted by the wind, the flag flapped against the pole.
2. Cornered by two dogs, the cat clawed wildly in self-defense.
3. Having been covered by the flood for two weeks, the food was completely destroyed.
4. Annoyed by the humming, Dr. Doolittle commanded the bee to stop the noise.
5. Pleased with our bonuses, we had planned a party for our boss.
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